Motor-control system.



No. 806,635. PATENTED DEC. 5, 1905:

' E. R. GARIGHOPF.

MOTOR CONTROL SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 4, 1904.

4 SHEETS--SHEET 1.

Fig. I.

Witnesses.

- Inventor.

(E 444M 5. 3 Eugene RCcrichoFfi @w K -W M I Y fittg.

PATENTED DEC. 5, 1905.

4 SHEETSSHBET 2.

E. R. OARIOHOFF. MOTOR CONTROL SYSTEM.

APPLIUATION mum AUG.4, 1904.

Inventor: Ca ighofi DQttg.

Eugene R y No. 806,635. PATENTED DEC. 5, 1905. B. R. OARIOHOPF.

MOTOR CONTROL SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 4, 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Fig. 7.

Witnesse s Inventor:

Wax EL gene R. Carichoffi M W be M PATENTED DEC. 5, 1905.

E. R. GARIOHOPF.

MOTOR CONTROL SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 4, 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Witnesses- Inventor;

Eu ene RCccrichoFf. 9

UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

EUGENE R. OARIOHOFF, OF EAST ORANGE, NET V JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO GENERALELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

MOTOR-CONTROL SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 5, 1905.

Application filed August 4:, 1904. Serial No. 219,550.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EUGENE R. OAEIoHoFE, a citizen of the United States,residing at East Orange, county of Essex, State of New Jersey, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Motor-Control Systems,of

which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the control of electrically-propelled vehicles;and its object is to provide a novel and improved 'system whereby atrain of motoroperated vehicles may be controlled from a single point.

My invention in its broadest aspect consists in the combination, withthe motors and controlling-switches therefor on the separate cars, ofnovel and improved means controllable from a single distant point foroperating the controlling-switches on the several cars in such mannerthat agradual acceleration of the motors may be obtained at such a ratethat too great a flow of current, due to too rapid an acceleration, maybe avoided.

One feature of my invention consists in so arranging the distantcontrolling means that they may be applied directly to standardmotor-controlling switches of the type now in use with practically nochange in the structure, arrangement, or connections of the switches.

A second feature of my invention consists in so arranging the automaticcontrolling means that a small number of train-wires is required, itbeing possible by means of my invention to control a train of cars witha single pair of train-wires.

More specifically considered, one feature of my invention consists inthe employment of two magnets operatively connected to thereversing-switch and controlling-switch on a car and so arranged thatthe reversing-switch is moved into one position or the other, ac-

cording as one or the other magnet is first energized. The energizing ofone magnet renders the other magnet inoperative as far as thereversing-switch is concerned, so that the second magnet may be utilizedto move the controlling-switch step by step without interfering with thereversing-switch.

Another feature of my invention consists in the combination, with acontrolling-switch arranged to be returned to off position by a spring,of the two magnet-windings above mentioned, the connections between themagnet-windings and the controlling-switch being so arranged that whileone magnet-winding and its connections are being utilized for moving thecontroller step by step the other magnet winding and its connectionsserves to maintain the controlling-switch against the tension of thespring in each position to which it is moved.

Other features of my invention will appear from the followingspecification and will be more specifically pointed out in the appendedclaims.

My invention will best be understood by reference to the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure 1 shows in elevation the distant controllingmeans adapted for use in my system and arranged to be applied to astandard motor-controller and reversing-switch. Fig. 2 shows a plan viewin crosssection on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows a similar viewon line 3 8. Fig. A shows a similar view on the line 4: A. Fig. 5 showsa similar View on the line 5 5. Fig. 6 shows a similar view on the line6 6. Fig. 7 shows diagrammatically a train-control system arranged inaccordance with my invention, the automatic controlling-switches beingadapted for use with four train-wires; and Fig. 8 shows a modificationof the same, in which the automatic controlling-switches are adapted foruse in a train-control system employing onlytwo trainwires.

In Fig. 7 I have shown an equipment for a single car of a train, and itwill be understood that the equipment of the other cars are duplicationsof the arrangement shown. Thus 1 2 3 4L, which represent thetrain-wires, are provided at each end with couplings, as indicated, forconnection to the other cars of the train. Oand O representmaster-controllers, one of which, O, is shown with its contactsdeveloped on a plane surface. The mastercontroller O has four forwardpositions, as indicated by the dotted lines f, and two reversepositions, (indicated by the dotted lines 9 B representsdiagrammatically a speed-controller for the motors Z Z, which may be ofthe usual type adapted to connect the motors in series and in paralleland to vary the amount of resistance R in the motor-circuit. Jrepresents the usual reversing-switch for the motors. D and l) representthe main actuatingmagnets. These magnets are so arranged, as

will be hereinafter described, that if magnet up or releases its core.

erative positions.

D is energized first the reversing-switch will be moved to its forwardposition and the controller B moved to its first closed position. On theother hand, if magnet-winding D is first energized the reversing-switchJ will be moved to its reverse position, while the controller B will bemoved to its first closed position in the same way as if themagnet-winding D were energized. hen either of the magnet-windings hasbeen energized,the other magnet-windin g is rendered inoperative asregards the reversingswitch and may be utilized by making and breakingits circuit to move the controller B through its other op- The core ofmagnet-winding D is connected to a switch member N through a lost-motionconnection. Switch member N, which is pivoted as shown, is engaged atone end by the spring-pressed lever n. This arrangement serves, as willbe readily understood, to give switch member N a snap movement inpassing from one set of contacts to the other when magnet D draws Theactual construction of switch member N and the lost-motion connectionwill be more fully described hereinafter. The core of magnet-winding Dis similarly connected to a switch member N. The connections between themagnets D D and the motor-controlling and reversing switches are asfollows: The core of magnet-winding D engages a lever (Z mounted on theshaft (Z, which carries at its farther end a second lever e, whichcarries a pivoted pawl E, which when magnet-winding D is energized so asto draw in its core engages a ratchet-wheel F on'the shaft of controllerB, so as to move it forward one notch. When the core of magnet-winding Dis in the position shown, pawl E is held out of engagement with ratchetF by the roller 6. The core of magnet-winding D is connected to thelever (Z which is mounted in the sleeve (Z, looselyjournaled on theshaft d. The sleeve cZ carries a lever e, which carries the pawl E. Thispawl is adapted to engage the ratchet F on the controller-shaft whenmagnet-winding D is energized. The controller B is normally held in theposition shown by the spring I). \Vith this arrangement it will be seenthat either magnet-winding D or D may be used by making and breaking itscircuit to notch up the controller B step by step, while the othermagnet-winding if energized will hold the controller in each position towhich it is moved against the tension of spring 6. The connectionbetween the magnet-coils D D and the reversing-switch is as follows: Thearm a, which is connected to the core of magnet-coil D, carries thepivoted arm G, which is normally held in the position shown by thespring pressed lever H. The lever G is formed with a hook at its endadapted to engage the pin '5, carried by the member I and mounted on theshaft of the reversingswitch J. Similarly the arm e, which is connectedto the core of the magnet-winding D, carries the lever G, which isadapted to engage a pin 2' on the same member 1. By this arrangement thereversing-switch J may be moved to one position or the other byenergizing one or other of the magnet-windings D D, as has been saidbefore. The movement of the reversing-switch into one position byenergizing proper magnet-winding renders the other magnet-windinginoperative as regards the reversing-switch. The means for accomplishingthis end is as follows: If magnet-winding D is energized, for instance,as to rotate the shaft (Z and to draw the lever G into engagement with apin 71, the reversing-switch J will first be moved. As the movement ofthe reversing-switch continues, however, a pin carried by the end of thele ver Gr engages an arm or extension Z; on the member K, which isloosely mounted on the shaft j of the reversing-switch and which isnormally held in the position shown by the inner edges of the leversGrand G. hen the pin carried by lever G engages the extension Zr, memberK is rotated, thereby pushing lever G outwardly against the pressure ofits spring-pressed lever H. As long as the magnet-winding D remainsenergized the lever G will be held outward and away from the member I,so that if magnet-winding I) is subsequently energized the resultantmovement of lever G will not cause it to engage the pin a". In otherwords, the magnet-winding D is rendered inoperative as regardsreversing-switch J and continues inoperative until magnet winding D isdeenergized. \Vhen both magnet-windings are deenergized, member K isreturned to the position shown in the drawings by the spring-pressedmembers H and H. The shaft 7' of the reversingswitch also carries theswitch L, which forms an interlock between the reversing-switch and theother switches and will be more fully described hereinafter. For thepresent it is sufficient to understand that the function of switch L isto prevent the closing of the motor-circuit until switch J is moved toits proper position. As has been said heretofore, switch J is supposedto be in the reverse position. If the magnet-winding D is energized tomove switch J to forward posi tion, the motor-circuit cannot be closeduntil the reversing-switch J has been moved to its proper position. Inaddition to the controlling-switch B and the reversing-switch J there isa third switch in the motorcircuits namely, the contactor 0, controlledby the magnet-winding 0. It is necessary that all three switches 0, B,and J should be closed in order to close the motor-circuit. The coil 0,which controls the switch 0, is controlled by the switch L, and it is bymeans of this coil that the interlock between the reversingswitch andthe other switches of the motor- IIO circuit is obtained, as will behereinafter described. Q is an overload circuit-breaker or throttle, theactuating-coil of which is con nected to the motor-circuit while theswitch operated by the coil is in the control-circuit. P represents acoil by means of which the power-circuit connections are established formoving controllerB to connect the motors in parallel. M represents acontact carried by the controller B and engaged by a plurality ofbrushes m. The shape of contact M is shown by the dotted development.The function and arrangement of these brushes will hereinafter appear.

The operation of the system thus far described is as follows: Thevarious parts being in the off position, as shown, suppose themaster-controller C to be moved to its first for ward position, asindicated by the first dotted line f. A circuit is then closed, asfollows: from the trolley or collector-shoe T to contact 0 ofmaster-controllenC, to contact a", to train-wire 2, to magnet-winding D,switch L, brush m to contact M on controller B, brush m to earth X.Magnet-winding D is consequently energized and draws up its core,shifting switch N and rotating shaft (Z, as has been heretoforeexplained. This results in advancing controller B only enough to bringit to its first operative position and also results in shifting memberI, so as to move the reversing-switch J to its forward position, andalso rotating member K, so as to move lever G away from member I. Themovable contacts of switch L are so arranged that one set of stationarycontacts is engaged before the circuit is broken at the other set, sothat the circuit of magnet-winding D is maintained.

closed while reversing switch J is being moved. When the upper movablecontact of switch L is moved to engage the other pair of stationarycontacts, it will be seen that the circuit passing throughmagnet-winding D is transferred so as to include coil 0 before passingto the contact M and earth X. Contactor 0 is consequently closed,thereby closing the motor-circuit and also closing a maintainingcircuitfrom the lower terminal of magnetwinding 0 directly to earth X. Thus itis seen that switch L must be rotated a given distance before the motorcircuit can be closed. In other words, the reversing-switch must havereached its proper position before the motor-circuit is closed. in thefirst operative position of controller B the motors are connected fortheir lowest speed, as in series with the resistance R all in circuit.This condition of the motor-circuit continues as long asmaster-controller C is maintained in its first forward position. Whenthe mastercontroller is moved to its second forward position, anothercircuit is closed, as follows: from trolley T to contact 0, to contact 0train-wire 4, bridging member 1 of throttle Q, switch N, switch N,magnet-winding D,

switch L, brush of, contact M, brush on), to earth X. Magnet-winding Dis thus energized and rotates sleeve cZ, moving pawl E in engagementwith ratchet F and moving controller B one more step. This movement hasno effect upon reversing-switch J, as 10- ver G is held away from memberI by member K, as has been heretofore explained. The movement of thecore of magnet-winding D, however, results in moving switch member N toits other position, thereby breaking the circuit of magnet-winding D.The core of magnet-winding D consequently returns to its originalposition by gravity or by a spring similar to the spring (Z associatedwith the core of electromagnet D, returning pawl E to the position shownin the drawings. The pawl E, however, maintains controller B in theposition to which it has been moved against the tension of spring 6. Assoon as the core of magnet-winding D has returned to its originalposition the circuit of magnet-winding is again closed by the switchmember N, and the circuit of magnetwinding D in this manner is made andbroken a number of times, thereby notching the controller B step by stepto its several positions. If at any time too rapid an acceleration ofthe motor is produced, so as to overload the motor-circuit, throttle Qacts to break the circuit of magnet-winding D and holds it open untilthe current in the motor-circuit has fallen to the proper amount. Themovement of controller B is continued until the brush m leaves thecontact M, which is shaped as shown in the dotted development. This actsto break one of the connections between switch L and earth, and therebyopens the circuit-magnet winding D. Further movement of controller B isthus prevented. This position of controller B may correspond to fullseries position, with resistance R entirely out out of themotor-circuit. This condition of the motor-circuit continues as long asmaster-controller C is maintained in its second position. Vhcn thecontroller is moved to its third position, another circuit is closed, asfollows: from trolley T to contact a, to contact 0, train-wire 1,magnet-coil P, brush on, contact M, brush m to earth. Magnet-coil Pconsequently draws up its core, closing its bridging member p, therebyconnecting switch L to earth through bridging member p, brush m, contactM, and brush m. Magnet-winding D does not resume the notching-upprocess,since its circuit has beertbroken at another place that is, atcontact 0 of the master-controller. When, however, mastercontroller ismoved to its fourth position, the circuit of winding D is again closedand the notching-up process resumed, moving controller B through itsremaining position and continuing the movement until movable contact Mleaves the brushes. then stops automatically in full-speed posi- Thecontroller tion and is maintained there as long as the master-controllerC is held in its fourth forward position. When the master-controller Cis moved to off position, the circuit of magnet-winding D is broken,ratchet F is released from pawl E, and controller B is returned to itsoff position by spring L. If at any time during the notching-up processit is desired to hold controller B stationary, it may be done by movingmaster-controller C from its fourth position to its third or from itssecond to its first, as the case may be.

Referring now to Fig. 8, it will be seen that the automaticcontroller-switches may be so arranged that only two train-wires arerequired. The general arrangement is similar to that of Fig- 7, but hasin addition a third movable contact and two more pairs of stationarycontacts for switch L, an additional brush m, a change in the shape ofthe contact M. and two additional stationary contacts for the bridgingmember 1). On the other hand, one pair of stationary contacts is omittedfor switch N and for switch N, and the master-controller C is simplifiedin its construction. The operation of this modified system is asfollows: Vhen controller C is moved into its first forward position, acireuit is closed from trolley T to contact 0, contact c train-wire 1,switch L, magnet-winding D, switch N, switch L, contacts of throttle Q,brush m brush m to earth X. Magnet-winding D is thus energized, movingthe reversing-switch to its forward position and moving controller B onestep. As in the former arrangement the circuit of magnet-coil O is notclosed until this movement of switch J has been accomplished, theclosing of the circuit-coil 0 being accomplished by the middle movablecontact-switch L. This contact of switch L also acts to maintain circuitof winding D closed, for this circuit would otherwise be opened when thecore reaches the limit of itstravel by the opening of switch N.Controller B remains in its first position, in which the motors areconnected in series, with all of resistance R in circuit as long asmaster-controller C is maintained in its first forward position. When itis moved to its second forward position, another circuit is closed fromtrolley T to contact 0, contact 0, train-wire 2, magnet-winding D,switch N, lowest movable contact of switch L, contact of throttle Q,brush m contact M, brush m to earth. Magnet-winding D is thus energizedand begins its notching-up process, switch N opening and closing itscircuit as its core is moved back and forward, and this notching upcontinuing until brushes m and 972 leave contact M. The circuit ofmagnetwinding D is opened at this point by the brush m and furthernotching-up is prevented. Coil P is also energized when controller C isin its second position and draws up its core, closing amaintaining-circuit for itself. This position corresponds to full seriesposition. In order to continue the notching-u p process, it is necessaryto move master-controller C back to position 1 and then restore it toposition 2. The effect of this is first to deenergize coil P, so as toallow its armature to fall. This closes a circuit from magnet-winding D,switch N, switch L, bridging member (7, bridging member 1), brush m andbrush m to earth. Consequently when the mastercontroller is returned toits second forward position, thereby connecting the other terminal ofwinding D, through train-wire 2, to trolley T, the notching-up processis resumed and continues until contact M leaves the brushes m and 721*.

I will now describe the construction of a set of automatic switchesarranged in accordance with the foregoing description and adapted foruse with the controller and reversingswitch of a street-car equipment ofthe present date. The advantage of this arrangement consists in thefacility with which a number of cars equipped for ordinary operation maybe adapted for operation in a train controlled by the multiple-unitsystem.

In Figs. 1 to 6 the several parts are lettered to correspond with thefigures which have heretofore been explained. Thus the magnetwinding Dhas its core connected to a lever ('Z, secured to the shaft (Z. The coreof coil D also operates the switch member N, as is clearly shown in Fig.3. The shaft d carries at its other end the lever as shown in Fig. 6,this lever carrying the pivoted spring pressed pawl E and the pivotedspring-pressed lever G. The core of coil D engages a lever (.Z on thesleeve (Z. This is clearly shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 4 also clearly showsthe lost-motion connection between the core of magnet-winding D andswitch member N.

The core carries a pin n which engages a hole in the lever N. This levercarries a knob or roller n engaged by the spring-pressed member 12,which acts to give the member L a snap movement in the same manner aswas indicated diagrammatically in Figs.7 and 8. The sleeve CZ carriesthe lever e, which in turn carries the spring-pressed pawl E and thespring pressed lever Cr. This is clearly shown in Fig. 5. The pawls Eand E are adapted to engage a ratchet-wheel F on the shaft of controllerB when the magnet-windings D and D are energized. \Vhen themagnet-windings are deenergized, the pawls E and E are held out ofengagement with the ratchet by the rollers e and a", respectively. Thelevers and-e carry, respectively, the levers G and Cr, which are pressedtoward each other by the springs H and H. These springs take the placeof the spring-pressed members H and H, as shown in the diagram. Thelevers Cr and G are formed with hooks at the ends in the mannerheretofore described and when retracted by the rotation of shaft d orsleeve 61 engage the members I and K, which are clearly shown in Fig. 5.The member I is secured to the shaft of the reversing-switch J, and bymeans of it the switch member J is moved from one position to the other.The member K, which is loosely mounted on the shaft and is normally heldin a central position by a spring if, has a projecting cam-' likeportion 12 which when member K is rotated engages the lever G or G,pushing it outwardly, so as to prevent it from engaging the member I.The switch L (shown in Figs. 6 and 1) acts as a coupling to lengthen theshaft of the reversing-switch by holding secured thereto the extension7'. The controller is returned to its ofI position by means of a spring6, which is shown in Figs. 1 and 6. The contact M, instead of beingdirectly carried by the motor-controller, I have shown in Figs. 1 and 2operated by the cam M, carried by the shaft of controller B. The contactM is pivoted and carries the roller M engaging the cam M, so that ascontroller B is rotated the desired movement of the contact M isobtained. Spring M holds the roller M in engagement with the cam.

The construction of coil P, which controls the series-parallel relationof the motors, is

.shown in Figs. 1 and 4, this construction being shown with especialclearness in the latter figure. The overload relay or throttle isrepresented at Q,

All of the automatic switch devices are supported as shown on the backof the casing U, which is shaped similarly to an ordinarycontroller-casing, so that it may be placed on. top of the ordinarycasing V. Consequently all that this requires in order to adapt astandard street-car equipment for use in a train-control system inaccordance with my invention is to remove the cover on the controller,to place the case U above the case V, to secure the ratchet F, cam M,and the spring 6 to the controller-shaft, and to secure the switch L andthe members I and K to the shaft of the reversing-switch. All thecontroller-switches are thus contained in the single casing, with theexception of the master-controller and the contactor O, which may beplaced in any suitable location.

While I have described a complete controller system and have shown adesirable mechanical construction for the several automatic switches, itwill be understood that the several features of my invention, while Iprefer to use them together, may with advantage be used separately, andI desire to claim them whether used together or not. Accordingly I donot desire to limit myself to the particular construction shown; but Iaim in the appended claims to cover all such modifications which arewithin the scope of my invention.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States, is

1. In combination, a reversing-switch, two

devices controllable from a distance, operative connections between saiddevices and said switch whereby said switch may be moved to its twooperative positions by said devices respectively, and means for breakingthe operative connections between one of said devices and said switchwhen the other of said devices is energized.

2. In a motor-control system, a reversingswitch, a controlling-switch,two devices controllable from a distance and arranged when energizedrespectively to move said reversingswitch to its two operativepositions, means for rendering one of said devices inoperative withrespect to said reversing-switch when the other device is energized, andoperative connections between both devices and said controlling-switch,whereby said controlling-switch is moved through its operative positionsby the repeated energizing and deenergizin'g of either device.

3. In a motor-control system, a reversingswitch, a controlling-switch,two devices controllable from a distance and arranged when energizedrespectively to move said reversingswitch to its two operativepositions, means for rendering one of said devices inoperative withrespect to said reversing-switch when the other device is energized,operative connections between both devices and saidcontrolling-switch.whereby said controlling-switch is moved through itsoperative positions by the repeated energizing and deenergizing ofeither device, and means at a distant point for energizing either ofsaid devices and maintaining it energized and for repeatedly energizingand deenergizing the other device.

4. In a motor-control'system, a reversingswitch, a controlling-switch,two devices controllable from a distance and operatively connected toboth switches, and means for rendering one of said devices inoperativewith respect to said reversing-switch when the other device isenergized.

5. In a motor-control system, a reversingswitch, a controlling-switch,two devices controllable from a distance and operatively connected toboth switches, means for rendering one of said devices inoperative withrespect to said reversing-switch when the other device is energized, andmeans at a distant point for energizing either of said devices andmaintaining it energized and for repeatedly energizing and deenergizingthe other device, the connections between said devices and saidcontrolling-switch being adapted and arranged to produce a step-by-stepmovement of said switch through its several positions upon the repeatedenergizing and deenergizing of either of said devices.

6. In a motor-control system, a reversingswitch, a controlling-switch,two electromagnets operatively connected to both switches, means forbreaking the operative connection between one of said magnets and thereversing-switch when the other magnet is energized, and a switch atadistant point arranged to close selectively the circuit of eithermagnet and then to close the circuit of the other.

7. In a motor-control system, a reversingswitch, a controlling-switch,two electromagnets operatively connected to both switches, means forbreaking the operative connection between one of said magnets and thereversing-switch when the other magnet is energized, and means forclosing the circuit of either magnet and maintaining it closed and forrepeatedly making and breaking the circuit of the other magnet, theconnections between said magnets and said controllingswitch beingarranged to produce a stepbystep movement of said reversing-switchthrough its several operative positions upon the repeated energizing anddeenergizing of either of said magnets.

8. In a motor-control system, two electromagnets, a controlling-switch,operative connections between said magnets and said switch whereby saidswitch is moved through its operative positions upon the repeatedenergizing and deenergizing of either of said magnets, areversing-switch, operative connections between said magnets and saidreversing-switch whereby said switch is moved to either of its operativepositions upon the selective energizing of said mag-nets, means forrendering the other magnet inoperative with respect to saidreversing-switch when one magnet is energized, switch-contactscontrolled by said magnets and arranged to open when said magnets areenergized, and a switch at a distant point arranged to close selectivelythe circuit of either magnet independently of said switchcontacts andthen to close the circuit of the other magnet with said contacts inseries therewith.

9. In a motor-control system, a reversingswitch, a controlling-switch,two electromagnets operatively connected to both switches, means forbreaking the operative connection between one magnet and saidreversing-switch when the other magnet is energized, switchcontaetscontrolled by said magnets and arranged to open when said magnets areenergized, and a switch at a distant point arranged to close the circuitof one magnet independently of said switch-contacts and then to closethe circuit of the other magnet with said contacts in series therewith.

10. In a motor-control system, a controllingswitch, a spring adapted tohold said switch normally in otf position, a ratchet-wheel carried bysaid controller, two electromagnets, two pawls operatively connected tosaid two magnets respectively and adapted to engage said ratchet-wheelwhen said magnets are energized,switch-contacts operativel y connectedto said magnets and arranged to open when said magnets are energized,and a switch at a distant point arranged to close the circuit of onemagnet independei'itly of said contacts aild then to close the circuitof the other magnet with said contacts in series therewith.

11; In a motor-control system, a controllingswitcli, a spring adapted tohold said switch normally in off position, a ratchet-wheel carried bysaid controller, two electromagnets, two pawls operatively connected tosaid two magnets respectively and adapted to engage said ratchet-wheelwhen said magnets are energized, a reversing-switch, operativeconnections between both magnets and said revers ing-switch, means forbreaking the operative connections between one of said magnets and saidreversing-switch when the other magnet is energized. and means forselectively energizing either or said magnets and maintaining itenergized and for repeatedly energizing and deenergizing the othermagnet.

12. In a motor-control system, a controllingswitch, a spring adapted tohold said switch normally in off position, a ratchet-wheel carried bysaid controller, two electromagnets, two pawls operatively connected tosaid two magnets respectively and adapted to engage said ratchet-wheelwhen said magnets are energized, a reversing-switch, operative connections between both magnets and said revers ing=switch, means forbreaking the operative connections between one 01 said magnets and saidreversing-switch when the other magnet is energized, switch-contactsoperatively connected to said magnets and arranged to open when saidmagnets are energized, and a switch at a distant point arranged to closethe circuit of one magnet independently of said contacts and then toclose the circuit of the other magnet with said contacts in seriestherewith.

1", In combination with a motor-eontrollcr having a plurality ofoperative positions, an aetuating-electromagnct therefor,connectionsbetween said magnet and said controlle adapts ed to produce astep-by-step movement of said controller upon the repeated energizingand de'energizing of said magnet, switch-contacts controlled by saidmagnet and in circuit therewith and arranged to open when said magnet isenergized, switch-contacts controlled by said controller and arranged toopen the circuit of the actuating-magnet at predetermined posi: tions ofthe controller, an electromagnetic do: vice for reestablishing saidcircuit,and a switch at a distant point controlling the circuits of saidactuating-magnet and said device,

14:. In combination with a motor-eontroller having a plurality ofoperative positions, means controllable from adistanee for moving saidcontroller step by step through said po sitions, means controlled by thecontroller for stopping the operation of said moving means atpredetermined positions of said controller, a device for setting saidmoving means again in operation, and means at a distant point forcontrolling said moving means and said device,

r 15. In combination with a motor-controller having a plurality ofoperative positions, an electromagnet operatively connected thereto andadapted when energized to move said controller step by step through saidpositions, a movable switch member in circuit with said electromagnet,and a cam carried by said controller and controlling the position ofsaid switch member.

16. In combination with a motor-controller having a plurality ofoperative positions, an electromagnet operatively connected thereto andadapted when energized to move said controller step by step through saidpositions, a cam carried by said controller, a pivoted switch member incircuit with said electromagnet, and means for holding said member inengagement with said cam.

17. In combination, a casing, a controllingswitch and areversing-switchjournaled therein, two electromagnets mounted on an extension of saidcasing, and operative connections between both magnets and bothswitches.

18. In combination, a casing, a controllingswitch and a reversing-switchjournaled therein, a ratchet-wheel secured to the shaft of saidcontroller, a member secured to said reversing-switch, twoelectromagnets mounted on an extension of said casing, two pawlsactuated by said magnets respectively and adapted to engage saidratchet, and two members actuated by said magnets respectively andadapted to engage the member secured to the reversing-switch.

19. In combination, a casing, a controllingswitch and a reversing-switchjournaled therein, a ratchet-wheel secured to the shaft of saidcontroller, two members on the shaft of said reversing-switch, onesecured thereto and the other loose thereon, two electromagnets mountedon an extension of said casing, two pawls actuated by said magnetsrespectively and adapted to engage said ratchet, and two levers actuatedby said two magnets respectively and each adapted to engage both memberson the shaft of the reversing-switch, the loose member being adaptedwhen engaged by one lever to prevent the engagement of the other memberby the other lever.

20. In combination, a reversing-switch, two members on the shaftthereof, one fast and one loose thereon, and two separately-actuateddevices each adapted to engage both said members, the loose member beingadapted when engaged by one device to prevent the engagement of theother member by the other device.

21. In a system of motor control, a reversing-switch, two members on theshaft thereof, one fast and one loose thereon, two electromagnets, andtwo devices operative'ly connected to said two magnets respectively andeach adapted to engage both of said members, the loose member beingadapted when engaged by one device to obstruct the engagement of theother member by the other device.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 2d day of August,1904:.

EUGENE R. (JARICHOFF.

IVitnesses:

CHESTER D. REED, LEO O. Foss.

